chapter23

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;澶忛湶婊嬭��鎶樼（鐨勮韩蹇冧勘鐤诧紝杩欎竴瑙夌洿鎺ョ潯鍒颁簡涓ゅぉ鍚庯紝鑰屽湪杩欐湡闂达紝涓�鐩存槸榄呭�滅殑鎬荤粡鐞嗗瓱鐟惧畨鎺掍汉涓哄ス鎶硅嵂鐤椾激锛岀淮鎸佽惀鍏汇��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鎵�浠ュ�忛湶婊嬪湪閱掕繃鏉ュ悗韬�涓婄殑浼ら兘濂戒簡澶у崐锛屼笌姝ゅ悓鏃讹紝濂硅��鍛婄煡濂冲帆宸茬粡绂诲紑榄呭�滐紝骞朵笖鎶婂ス涓�涓�浜虹暀鍦ㄤ簡杩欓噷銆�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鏈�鍏堝紑濮嬬煡閬撹繖涓�娑堟伅鏃讹紝濂规槸鎰ゆ�掔殑锛屼篃灏辨槸璇达紝闄堢儧鎬滄墦浜嗗ス涓�椤匡紝鐒跺悗鍦ㄥス韬�涓婄┛浜嗕釜鐜�锛岀劧鍚庤窇浜嗭紒<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鍙�鏄�鍚庢潵锛岃秺鎯宠秺涓嶅�癸紝濂冲帆鐨勭�诲紑鎰忓懗鐫�濂瑰�忛湶婊嬮噸鑾疯嚜鐢憋紒锛侊紒<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;杩欐槸涓�閲嶅ぇ鐨勫彂鐜帮紝澶忛湶婊嬬◢寰�缂撲簡涓�涓嬶紝寰呯‘璁よ韩浣撴病鏈変粈涔堝ぇ鐨勯棶棰樺悗锛岃繘鍏ヤ簡闄堢儧鎬滅殑鎴块棿鈥︹��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;濂圭炕閬嶄簡闄堢儧鎬滅殑鎴块棿浠ュ強璋冩暀瀹わ紝閮芥病鑳芥壘鍒板彇涓嬮攣楠ㄧ幆鐨勫伐鍏凤紝澶忛湶婊嬬珯鍦ㄥ法澶х殑绌胯。闀滃墠锛岀湅鐫�閭ｄ釜绋嶅井鍔ㄤ竴鍔ㄤ究浼氬搷涓�涓嶅仠鐨勯搩閾涳紝鍙逛簡鍙ｆ皵銆�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;濂逛笉鏁㈢洿鎺ュ幓鎵惧コ宸�锛屾瘯绔熻皝涔熶笉鐭ラ亾濂冲帆鍒板簳鏄�涓�浠�涔堟剰鎬濓紝涓囦竴鍐嶇緤鍏ョ嫾鍙ｏ紝閭ｄ笉鏄�鑷�璁ㄨ嫤鍚冦��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;澶忛湶婊嬪徆浜嗗彛姘旓紝鐢ㄥ崼鐢熺焊鎶婇搩閾涘唴濉�婊★紝鍙堟嬁鐫�缈诲嚭鏉ョ殑缁戝甫锛岀粫鐫�鑲╄唨缂犱簡涓ゅ湀锛屽浐瀹氫綇閾冮摏锛岀‘淇濆畠涓嶄細褰卞搷鍒拌嚜宸辩殑娲诲姩锛屼互鍙婁笉浼氶殢鐫�杩愬姩鍙戝嚭澹板搷鍚庯紝濂椾笂浜嗛檲鐑涙�滅殑琛�琛�銆�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;琛�琛�鐨勬墸瀛愭墸鍒颁簡鏈�涓婇潰锛岃櫧鐒跺湪澶忓ぉ绌跨潃涓�浠堕暱琚栫殑榛戣壊琛�琛�寰堝�囨��锛屽彲杩欎篃瀹岀編鐨勯伄浣忎簡韬�涓婄殑浼わ紝涓嬭韩鏄�涓�鏉＄氦缁嗙殑鐗涗粩瑁わ紝鐧借壊甯嗗竷闉嬨��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鍙婅叞闀垮彂闅忔剰鐨勬暎鐫�锛屾湭鏂界矇榛涚殑鑴稿簽杩樺甫鐫�浜涜��闀挎椂闂存姌纾ㄧ殑鐥呭急涔嬫皵锛屽嵈鍋忓亸鍗村亸鍋忕粰浜轰竴绉嶅畬缇庤嚦鏋佺殑鎰熻�夈��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;澶忛湶婊嬬瑧浜嗙瑧锛屽ス涓�鍚戞槸瀵硅嚜宸辩殑闀跨浉婊℃剰鐨勶紝鐪嬬潃闀滀腑绌挎埓鏁撮綈鐨勪汉锛屽�忛湶婊嬩豢鑻ュ洖鍒颁簡浠庡墠澶忓�朵粛鍦�锛岃嚜宸辩┛姊�鍦ㄥ�︽牎鐨勭敓娲汇��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鎯冲埌瀛︽牎锛屽�忛湶婊嬬湼瀛愭殫浜嗘殫锛屽ス瑕佸洖鍘伙紝娉曞緥绠′笉浜嗛瓍澶滐紝鏇寸害鏉熶笉浜嗗コ宸�锛屽ス瑕佹湁鑳藉姏淇濇姢鑷�宸便��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;澶忛湶婊嬪厛鍘昏ˉ鍔炰簡璇佷欢锛岀劧鍚庢墦杞﹀幓浜嗛摱琛岋紝鎵�鏈変汉閮戒笉鐭ラ亾锛屽�忓�舵棭鍦ㄥ嚭浜嬩箣鍓嶇粰濂圭�樺瘑鐣欎簡涓�浠借储浜э紝鍏舵暟棰濆彲淇濆ス浜斿崄骞翠笉宸ヤ綔銆�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;涔嬪悗濂逛拱浜嗘満绁�锛岃笍涓婁簡鍥濻娲茬殑寰侀�斺�︹��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鍦ㄥコ宸�闈㈠墠锛屽ス涓�鐩村敮鍞�璇鸿�猴紝閭ｆ槸鍥犱负濂逛笉鑳藉己纭�锛屽ス娌℃湁鑳藉�熶繚璇佽嚜宸卞畨鍏ㄧ殑璧勬湰銆�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鍙�绂诲紑浜嗛偅浜涙灧閿侊紝澶忛湶婊嬪氨鏄�澶忛湶婊嬨�係娲蹭竴鐩存槸涓�娣蜂贡鐨勫湴鏂癸紝娌℃湁绉╁簭銆佹病鏈夋硶寰嬶紝璋佸帀瀹筹紝璋佽�磋瘽銆傝兘澶熷湪杩欐牱涓�涓�鐜�澧冧腑鑴遍�栬�屽嚭鐨勫�忓�讹紝骞朵笖鍦ㄧ┓閫斾箣闄呬负澶忛湶婊嬬暀鍑轰簡瓒冲�熺殑璧勪骇锛岃繖鏍风殑鍦版柟鍩瑰吇鍑虹殑澶忛湶婊嬶紝浠庢潵涓嶆槸鑳藉�熷崙寰�鐨勫實鍖愬湪鏌愪簺浜鸿剼涓嬬殑浜恒��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;澶忛湶婊嬮棴涓婄溂鐫涳紝浠�涔堥瓍澶溿�佷粈涔堝コ宸�锛屽ス浠�涔堥兘涓嶅湪涔庝簡锛岃繖涓�涓�鏈堬紝灏卞綋鍋氭槸鏆戝亣閲岀殑鏃呰�屽惂鈥斺��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鐩歌緝浜庡�忛湶婊嬭繖杈圭殑杞绘澗锛岄檲鐑涙�滆繖杈瑰彲璋撴槸鍓戞嫈寮╁紶銆�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滄槸鍦ㄩ�炴満涓婇啋鏉ョ殑锛屽ス琚�鎷峰湪妞呭瓙涓婏紝闄堝垵澶忓潗鍦ㄥ�归潰闂�鐫�鐪肩潧鍋囧瘣锛岀畝鍏�銆佸�︾惉銆佺敋鑷充簬浜戜俊閮介潰瀵归檲鍒濆�忚藩鐫�锛岄綈鍒峰埛鐨勪竴鎺掋��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滀篃鏄�鍧︾劧锛屽ス鍑嗗�囦簡涓�鍛�锛屽彲涓嶅氨鏄�涓轰簡鍥炲�躲��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滆皟鏁翠簡涓�涓嬪潗濮挎暡鐫�浜岄儙鑵垮ソ绗戠殑鐪嬬潃鍑犱汉锛屸�滄�庝箞浜嗭紵鈥�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滅獊鐒剁殑鍑哄０锛屽悡浜嗗洓浜轰竴璺炽��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堝垵澶忕潄寮�鐪肩潧锛岀湅鐫�闄堢儧鎬滐紝鈥滄厱瀹剁殑浜嬩綘鍑嗗�囨�庝箞瑙ｅ喅锛熲��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滄寫鐪夛紝鈥滈兘鐭ラ亾浜嗭紵鈥�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鈥滀綘璇村憿锛熲��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滆交鍟т竴澹帮紝鈥滃ス浠�閮芥尯濂界敤鐨勶紝鍙�鎯滃氨鏄�浣犵殑浜恒�傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鈥滃綋骞撮�変翰淇＄殑鏃跺�欎綘涓�涓�涓嶈�侊紝鍚庢倲浜嗭紵鈥�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滃潗鐩磋韩瀛愶紝寰�鍚庨潬鍘伙紝鈥滄病锛屼汉澶氫簡鐑︼紝娌″潖浜嬪氨琛屻�傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堝垵澶忕湅浜嗗�︾惉涓�鐪硷紝闂�閬擄細鈥滀綘璁╁ス鎵句粈涔堬紵鈥�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鈥滀竴绉嶈嵂锛屾湁鐐圭寽鎯炽�傗�濋檲鐑涙�滀妇璧锋墜鍚戦檲鍒濆�忕ず鎰忋��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堝垵澶忓徆浜嗗彛姘旓紝鐪嬪悜浜戜俊锛屼簯淇＄偣澶达紝璧疯韩甯�闄堢儧鎬滆В寮�鎵嬮搻锛屽張璺�浜嗗洖鏉ャ��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滃ソ绗戠殑鐪嬬潃浜戜俊锛屸�滄垜璧拌繖涓夊勾锛屼綘浠�鏄�涓嶆槸鍙戠敓浜嗕粈涔堬紝鎬庝箞鎰熻�夊拰浠ュ墠涓嶄竴鏍蜂簡銆傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;浜戜俊韬�瀛愭槑鏄惧兊浜嗕竴涓嬶紝浣庣潃澶翠笉璇磋瘽锛岄檲鍒濆�忔贰娣＄殑鐪嬩簡浠栦竴鐪硷紝鍙堢湅鍚戦檲鐑涙�滐紝鈥滃埆宀斿紑璇濋�橈紝鎺ョ潃璇淬�傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滆�歌偐锛屾椿鍔ㄤ簡涓�涓嬫墜鑵曪紝閬擄細鈥滆櫧鐒惰�存厱閽板嚌杩涗簡閭ｄ釜瀹為獙鍩哄湴锛屽彲濂规槸娌℃湁涓�鐐瑰尰瀛﹀熀纭�鐨勶紝鐪熸�ｅ�﹁繃鍖荤殑鏄�鎱曢泚涓濄�傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鈥滄墍浠ョ粰鎱曞�朵笅姣掔殑鏄�鎱曢泚涓濓紵鈥�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鈥滄槸涔熶笉鏄�锛屾厱闆佷笣钀藉湪鎴戞墜閲屼竴骞达紝璇ヤ氦浠ｇ殑鏃╁氨浜や唬瀹屼簡銆傗�濋檲鐑涙�滄矇榛樹竴鐬�锛岄亾锛氣�淜鍖烘渶鍑哄悕鐨勫氨鏄�鍚勭�嶈嵂鍜屾瘨锛岃�屽綋骞寸殑浜轰綋瀹為獙閲岋紝瀹為獙浣撳ぇ澶氶兘鏄疜鍖虹殑銆傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滄繁鍚镐竴鍙ｆ皵锛岄亾锛氣�滄垜甯堝厔涔嬪墠鐮斿埗杩囦竴绉嶆瘨锛屼竴鐩村�勫湪瀹為獙闃舵�碉紝鍛藉悕涓衡��17鍙封�欍�備箣鍓嶅惉鎱曢槼鐓︾殑璇濓紝鎴戝氨鏈夌偣鐚滄祴锛屽啀鍔犱笂涔嬪墠鎱曢泚涓濊�寸殑銆傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鈥滄厱闆佷笣缁欎綘璇磋繃浠�涔堬紵鈥�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鈥滄厱闆佷笣璇达紝鎱曢挵鍑濆�瑰尰鏈�鐨勪簡瑙ｄ粎浠呮槸鐨�姣涳紝鎵�鏈変互鎱曢挵鍑濅负瀹為獙鎶ュ憡浜虹殑瀹為獙锛岃儗鍚庣殑鎿嶅垁鑰呴兘鏄�鎱曢泚涓濓紝鑰岀粰鎱曞�朵笅鐨勬瘨灏辨槸浠庡笀鍏勮韩涓婃悳鍑烘潵鐨勩�傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滆嫤绗戜竴澹帮紝闂�涓婄溂鐫涳紝鈥滄牴鏈�娌℃湁浠�涔堣В鑽�锛屾厱闆佷笣鍋氫笉鍑鸿В鑽�锛岄偅浜涗篃涓嶆槸浠�涔堢紦瑙ｅ墏锛岄兘鏄�楠楀眬锛屽洜涓�17鍙锋湰韬�灏辨槸澶辫触鍝侊紝灞炰簬鎱㈡�ф瘨锛屾瘨鍙戞椂闂翠笉瀹氥�傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鍚�瀹岋紝闄堝垵澶忛櫡鍏ユ矇榛橈紝鑹�涔咃紝濂规嬁鍑轰竴涓�鑽�鐡讹紝涓㈢粰闄堢儧鎬滐紝鈥滆繖鏄�瀹︾惉鎵惧埌鐨勶紝鍦ㄦ厱閽板嚌閭ｅ効锛屼綘鐪嬬湅銆傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滄帴杩囩摱瀛愶紝鍐风瑧涓�澹帮紝鈥滃ス浠�鐢氳嚦杩炵摱瀛愰兘娌℃湁鎹㈣繃锛屼笉鐢ㄧ湅浜嗭紝杩欏氨鏄�17鍙枫�傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堝垵澶忕毐鐪夛紝鈥滄墍浠ヨ繖涓�骞撮噷锛屾厱閽板嚌涓�鐩寸粰闄堝�剁殑閮芥槸姣掞紵鈥�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滅偣澶达紝鈥滆刀鏄庡効鎴戣�╂垜浜屽笀鍏勬妸宀戝笀鍏勭殑瀹為獙璁板綍浠ュ強鐮斿埗杩囩▼浠�涔堥兘缁欎簡鎱曞�讹紝鏄�姝绘槸娲诲氨鐪嬫厱瀹剁殑閫犲寲鍚э紝璺熸垜灏辨病鏈夊叧绯讳簡銆傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堝垵澶忕毐鐪夛紝鈥滃氨鐪熺殑娌℃湁鍒�鐨勫姙娉曚簡锛熶綘鐨勫笀闂ㄩ噷涔熸病鏈変汉鑳界爺鍒跺嚭瑙ｈ嵂锛熲��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;闄堢儧鎬滄憞澶达紝鈥滈樋濮愶紝瑕佹槸鑳界爺鍒跺嚭鏉ワ紝杩欒嵂鏃╁氨鍑虹幇鍦ㄥ競鍦轰笂浜嗭紝鍝�鑳界瓑鍒扮幇鍦ㄣ�傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鈥滈偅鎱曞�跺矀涓嶆槸瀹屼簡銆傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鈥滀笉涓�瀹氬晩锛屼竾涓�鍛�銆傛瘯绔熸垜浠琄鍖哄氨閭ｄ箞浜涗汉锛屼汉澶栨湁浜猴紝澶╁�栨湁澶┿�傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鍥炲埌闄堝�讹紝闄堢儧鎬滅巼鍏堝洖鎴匡紝杩堝嚭鍑犳�ュ悗鍙堝洖杩囧ご鏉ョ湅鍚戦檲鍒濆�忕瓑浜猴紝鈥滈樋濮愶紝浜哄埆缁欐垜鎼炴�讳簡锛屽ス浠�涓や釜鎴戣繕鎸哄枩娆㈢殑銆傗��<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;璇村畬锛岀瑧浜嗕袱澹伴檲鐑涙�滃氨绂诲紑浜嗭紝鍙�鐣欎笅榛戠潃鑴哥殑闄堝垵澶忎互鍙婃媴鎯婂彈鎬曠殑绠�鍏�绛変汉銆�<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-------------------------------------<br />
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